CM6435:  Global Christianity

Spring 2007

 


INSTRUCTOR                                                                                              MEETING

 

Frieder Ludwig, BH 122                                                                                 GH 102

651.641.290; fludwig@luthersem.edu                                                             Thursday, 6-9 p.m.

 


 

SEMINAR DESCRIPTION

 

An overview of the global expansion of Christianity in the 20th century and its effects on the life of the church and contemporary theology. Special attention will be given to indigenous Christian movements around the world.

 

APPROACH

 

Participants will access and use resources that assist them in studying and reflecting on Global Christianity especially throughout the past 200 years.  Extensive reading in the literature will provide an introduction to this study.  Attention will be given to interaction between different varieties of Christianity.

 

The primary project for this course will be for students to draw on materials from their readings, encounters and discussions in shaping an understanding of current developments and academic research .in the field of Global Christianity. Essential Objectives will be

·        Gaining factual knowledge(terminology, classifications, methods, trends) and to learn about the history of church and theology in different contexts. The course will introduce students to an overview of Global Christianity, with attention given to histories written from different cultural traditions. We will also focus on key persons, events and movements. There will be presentations by the lecturer, students and other invited speakers. Visits to new immigrant congregations are strongly encouraged. Literature lists as well as handouts summarizing basic information will be provided.

·        Learning to analyze and critically evaluate ideas, arguments and points of view. We will discuss primary source material from different cultural contexts. The texts will be introduced by students and discussed. The conversation is to be disciplined and open. Each seminar participant seeks to speak in one’s own voice and listen with an attentiveness and openness to the other in a way that includes a willingness to being changed by what one hears. At the same time, the conversation has purposeful continuity—not simply and casually declaring our views but engaging others in their response to our views.  The purpose here is to move the conversation forward, moving from where it has been and toward where it seems to be going, by contributing to the determination of where it goes.

·        Developing skills in oral and written communication: Participants will exercise this in class discussions and in their essays. They will learn to asking their own questions and seeking answers. In this process, they are encouraged will help each other to understand ideas and concepts and form teams or discussion groups. The lecturer will analyze your performance and give you a critical feedback.

 

Course Structure

 

The seminar will meet weekly to engage in discussion of the assigned reading and projects for that week.  Students will be expected to facilitate the discussion around papers and projects that are assigned to them.

 

Course Requirements

 

  1. Carefully read and reflect on the major authors of the course
  2. Thoughtfully engage these materials within a theologically reflective conversation

 

Increase critical capacities in theological hermeneutics of social scientific models of research.

 

 

REQUIREMENTS & EVALUATION: Each seminar participant is required to complete the following requirements with the relative values demonstrated (100 points).   Multiple responses and journaling will be considered acts of supererogation that will be considered in many ways on the day of reckoning.

 

1.      Seminar Participation (25 points)

2.      Presentations (25 points)

3.      Essay (50 points)

 

Seminar Paper

 

            Students will write a seminar research paper on a topic of their choice.  They will choose this topic with the approval of the instructor. In the paper they will critically examine a subject, scholarly work, figure, or line of argument of their choice related to the problems and issues related to their work as a doctoral student and teacher of the church.  The final draft of the paper is due by 5:00 p.m. in the instructors’ faculty box in Gullixson Hall, on Friday, May 11, 2007  Students will be expected to carefully exposit a major subject, scholarly work, or figure from those surveyed in the course.  This exposition should evidence ample attending and listening to the source materials before engaging in overt critique and integration into a line of argument.  Papers shall be typed, double-spaced of 20-30 pages in length.  Students should provide a rough draft to the instructor before March 30, 2007 and be responsible for setting a time to meet with that instructor or another faculty person agreeable to the instructor to critique the draft.

Failure to turn in the first draft and/or final draft of the seminar paper by the deadlines noted above will result in a penalty of one-half grade, for each deadline missed, on the final grade for the course.

 

 

CLASS SCHEDULE AND Presentations

 

02-08

No class

(Frieder Ludwig is in Thailand)

 

 

 

02-15

Introduction

Thailand & Laos Experiences

 

 

,

02-22

Latin America

Guest Lecturer

Antonio Machado?

Joel Ramirez?

 

 

Texts 304-315

Hastings, 328-368

03-01

South Africa-“Rainbow Nation”

Tastes of Africa & India

Branston 1491

 

 

Texts 172, 179, 209, 212-213.

Elphick & Davenport

pp.135-240

03-08

East Africa

 

 

Hastings, 192-237

Ludwig

Texts

03-15

West Africa

 

 

Sanneh,130-191

Bediako

03-22

Pan-African Worship

Conference on African Christian Diaspora begins

 

 

 

 

3-29

Caribbean  Experiences

The Slave Trade and the “Black Atlantic

 

 

Thornton

Texts 218-221; 224-227; 250-252,

04-05

Easter Break

 

 

 

04-12

China

Japan

Korea

 



 

Chidester, 434-451

Hastings, 369-415

04-19

India

Jayamon Yohannan?

 

Chidester, 452-470

Hastings, 147-191

04-26

New Zealand and Australia Russia & Eastern Orthodoxy

 

 

Hastings,508-536

Hastings, 282-327

05-03

European Experiences

1491 Branston

 

 

Hastings, 458-507

05-10

USA

 

 

Hastings, 416-457

 

 

REQUIRED READING

 

Bediako, Kwame.  Christianity in Africa: The Renewal of Non-Western Religion (Orbis, 1996).

Hastings, Adrian, A World History of Christianity, London: Cass; 1999

Sanneh, Lamin, Translating the Message, 1994

Sugirtharajah, R. S.  Frontiers in Asian Christian Theology: Emerging Trends (Orbis Books, 1994).

 

RECOMMENDED READING:

 

Chidester, David.  Christianity: A Global History  (Harper: San Francisco, 2000).

Jenkins, Philip. The Next Christendom. The Coming of Global Christianity (New York 2002)

Spickard, Paul R. and Kevin M. Cragg, A Global History of Christians: How Everyday Believers Experienced Their World (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 2001).

 

Translating the Message

Beutel, Albrecht „Luthers Bibeluebersetzung und die Folgen“, Evangelische Theologie 59, 13-24.

Ebeling, Gerhard, Kirchengeschichte als Geschichte der Auslegung der Heiligen Schrift

Kasdorf, Hans “Luther’s Bible: A Dynamic Equivalence Translation and Germanizing Force”, in: Missiology 6, 1978, 213-234 

Luther, Martin, On Translating: An Open Letter, in: Luther’s Works, Vol. 35, 181-202

Meyer, Birgit, Translating the Devil, Asmara/Edinburgh, 1999

Nestingen, J.A. “Luther’s Cultural Translation of the Catechism”, in: Lutheran Quarterly 15/4, 2001, 440-452.

Nida, Eugene A., Religion Across Cultures. A Study in the Communication of the Christian Faith, New York 1968

Nida, Eugene A., God’s Word in Man’s Language, New York, 1951

Nida, Eugene A., Message and Mission, New York 1960

Orlinsky, Harry M./Bratcher, Robert G., A History of Bible Translation and the North American Contribution, Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1991

Sanneh, Lamin, Translating the Message, Orbis 1989; 

Smalley, William A., Translation as Mission. Bible Translation and the Modern Missionary Movement, Georgia: Mercer 1991

Stine, Philip C., Bible Translation and the Spread of the Church. The Last 200 years, Leiden: Brill, 1992

Walls, Andrew, “The Translation Principle in Christian History”, in: Andrew F. Walls, The Missionary Movement in Christian History, New York: Orbis 1996,26-42

 

Global Christianity

Barrett, David B., George T. Kurian and Todd M. Johnson.  World Christian Encyclopedia, 2nd ed.  (Oxford University Press, 2001).

Chidester, David.  Christianity: A Global History  (Harper: San Francisco, 2000).

Coleman, Simon.  The Globalization of Charismatic Christianity (Cambridge University Press, 2000).

Fabella, Virginia and R. S. Sugirtharajah.  Dictionary of Third World Theology (Orbis, 2000).

Freston, Paul.  Evangelicals and Politics in Asia, Africa, and Latin America (Cambridge University Press, 2001)

Froehle, Bryan T. and Mary L. Gautier.  Global Catholicism: Portrait of a World Church (Orbis, 2001).

Hastings, Adrian, ed., A World History of Christianity (Eerdmans, 1999).

Irvin, Dale T. and Scott W. Sunquist.  History of the World Christian Movement, vol. 1, Earliest Christianity to 1453 (Orbis, 2001).

Jenkins, Philip.  “That New Time Religion,” Chronicles (August 1999): 17-19.

Jenkins, Philip. The Next Christendom. The Coming of Global Christianity (New York 2002).

Koschorke, Klaus: “Christen und Gewürze“: Konfrontation und Interaktion kolonialer und indigener Christentumsvarianten (Göttingen 1998)Latourette, K.S., A History of the Expansion of Christianity, Vols 1-7,1937-1945

Neill, Stephen. A History of Christian Missions, (Harmondsworth, 1964)

Niles, D. Preman, From East and West: rethinking Christian mission, St. Louis, 2004 (BV 2061.3.N54)

Norman, Edward.  Christianity and the World Order (Oxford University Press, 1979).

Norman, Edward.  Christianity in the Southern Hemisphere (Oxford University Press, 1981).

Norris, Frederick W., Christianity: A Short Global History, Oxford: Oneworld, 2002

Robert, Dana L.  “Shifting Downward,” International Bulletin of Missionary Research 24:2 (2000): 50-58

Spickard, Paul R. and Kevin M. Cragg, A Global History of Christians: How Everyday Believers Experienced Their World (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Book House, 2001).

Stackhouse, Max and Dinae B. Obenchain.  God and Globalization: Christ and the Dominions of Civilization (Theology for the 21st Century (Trinity Press International, 2001).

Stackhouse, Max and Peter Paris, eds., God and Globalization: Religion and the Powers of Common Life (Tirnity Press International, 2000).

Stackhouse, Max, Don Browning, and Peter Paris, eds., God and Globalization, vol. 2 (Morehouse Publishing, 2001).     

Walls, Andrew F.  “World Christianity, the Missionary Movement, and the Ugly American,” World Order and Religion, ed. Wade Clark Roof (State University of New York Press, 1991): 147-172.

Walls, Andrew.  “Christianity [demographic spread, history, practice: bibliog, diags]” A New Handbook of Living Religions, ed. J. Hinnells (Penguin, 1998) 55-161).

Walls, Andrew.  “The Mission of the Church Today in the Light of Global History,” Word & World 20:1 (Winter 2000): 17-21.

Walls, Andrew,  "Missiological Education in Historical Perspective", J. Dudley Woodberry, Charles Van Engen & Edgar J. Elliston (eds.), Missiological Education for the 21st Century: The Book, the Circles and the Sandals (New York, 1996).

Transcontinental Links:

Koschorke, Klaus, Transcontinental Links in the History of Non-Western Christianity, 2003

Perry, Richard J., “African American Lutheran Ethical Action”, in: Karen L. Bloomquist and John R. Stumme (eds.), The Promise of Lutheran Ethics, Minneapolis 1989, 75-96

Sanneh, Lamin, Abolitionists Abroad: American Blacks and the Making of Modern West Africa, Cambridge (Mass): Harvard University Press 1999

Thornton, John, African and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400-1800, Cambridge 1992,1998

Africa - General:

Bediako, Kwame.  Christianity in Africa: The Renewal of Non-Western Religion (Orbis, 1996).

Fyfe, Christopher and Andrew Walls, eds., Christianity in Africa in the 1990s (Center of African Studies, University of Edinburgh, 1996).

Gifford, Paul, ed.  The Christian Churches and the Democratization of Africa (Brill, 1995).

Gifford, Paul.  African Christianity: Its Public Role (Indiana University Press, 1998).

Hastings, Adrian.  The Church in Africa, 1450-1950 ( Oxford University Press, 1994).

Hastings, Adrian , A History of African Christianity 1950-1975 (Cambridge University Press 1979)

Hastings, Adrian, Church & Mission in Modern Africa, London 1967

Isichei, Elizabeth.  A History of Christianity in Africa: From Antiquity to the Present (Eerdmans, 1995).

Mugambi, J. N. Kanyua, ed. Critiques of Christianity in African Literature (Nairobi, Kenya: East African Educational Publishers, 1992)

Pobee, John S. Toward an African Theology Abibdon/Nashville 1979 (BT 30 A 4 P6)

Sanneh, Lamin.  Encountering the West: Christianity and the Global Cultural Process: The African Dimension (Orbix, 1993).

Bengt Sundkler & Christopher Steed, 2000, A History of the Church in Africa, Cambridge University Press

The Dictionary of African Christian Biography (DACB), updated May 2003, http://www.dacb.org/index.html

South Africa:

Alberts, Louw and Chikane, Frank, The Road to Rustenburg, Cape Town 1991

Becken, Hans Juergen, Wo der Glaube noch jung ist. Asfrikanische Unabhaenige Kirchen im Suedlichen Afrika, Erlangen 1985

Brain, J.B., Christian Indians in Natal, Cape Town 1983

Bredekam, H. & Robert Ross (eds.), Missions and Christianity in South African History, Witwatersrand University Press, 1995

Comaroff, Jean & John, Of Revelation and Revolution. Christianity, Colonialism, and Consciousness in South Africa, Chicago & London, 1991, 1997

De Gruchy, John W. de, The Church Struggle in South Africa, David Philip, Cape Town. 1979

De Gruchy, John.. Reconciliation: Restoring Justice. David Philip Publishers: Cape Town. 2002

De Klerk, W. The Puritans in Africa, 1975, 1988

Draper, J.A. (ed.), The Eye of the Storm, 2003

Du Plessis, J., History of Christian Missions in South Africa, Reprint 1965, C. Struik, Cape Town  1911

Elphick, Richard & Rodney Davenport (editors), 1997, "Christianity in South Africa, A Political, Social & Cultural History", James Currey Oxford, David Philip Cape Town, 1997

Florin, Hans, Lutherans in South Africa, 1964

Fredrickson, George M., Black Liberation. A Comparative History of Black Ideologies in the United States and South Africa, Oxford 1995

Frost, Brian Struggling To Forgive, London HarperCollins, 1998

Gaiser, Fred, "Bridges and Gaps" in Word and World Spring 2001 Vol. XXI Number 2, pp. 169-175

Hexham, Irving, The Irony of Apartheid,: The Struggle for National Independence of Afrikaner Calvinism Against British Imperialism,, New York/Toronto, 1981

Hinchliff, Peter, The Church in South Africa, SPCK London 1968

Hofmeyr, J.W. & Millard, J.A., History of the Church in South Africa. A document & Source Book, University of South Africa 1991

Hofmeyr, J.W. & Gerald J. Pillai, A History of Christianity in South Africa

Scott, J.S., Domination and the Arts of Resistance, 1990

Mileard, J.A., Malihambe-Let the Word Spread, 2002

Pityana, B.N./ Villa-Vicencio, Charles, Being the Church in South Africa Today, 1995

Prozesky, Martin and Gruchy, John de (editors), , "Living Faiths in South Africa", David Philip Cape Town and Johannesburg St. Martin's Press New York Hurst & Company London 1995

Strassberger, Elfriede, Ecumenism in South Africa 1936-1960 with special Reference to the Mission of the Church, SACC Johannesburg, 1974

Tutu, Desmond, No future without forgiveness New York : Doubleday, 1999

Walshe, P. The Rise of African Nationalism in South Africa, 1970, 1987

 

Namibia

Engel, Lothar, Kolonialismus udn Nationalismus im deutschen Protestantismus in Namibia 1907 bis 1945, Frankfurt 1976

Sundermeier,Theo, Wir aber suchten Gemeinschaft, Erlangen 1973

 

Ethiopia

Flachmann, Leonard & Seitz, Merlyn, Mission to Ethiopia. An American Lutheran Memoir 1957-2003,Minneapolis 2004

 

Malawi:

Thompson, T. Jack, Christianity in Northern Malawi, Leiden, 1995

 

Mozambique:

Helgson, Alf, Church, State and People in Mozambique, Uppsala 1994

 

Kenya

Githieya, Francis Kimani.  The Freedom of the Spirit: African Indigenous Churches in Kenya ( Oxford University Press, 1997).

Hoehler-Fatton, Cynthia.  Women of Fire and Spirit: History, Faith, and Gender in Roho Religion in Western Kenya ( Oxford University Press, 1996).

 

Tanzania:

Ludwig, Frieder. Church & State in Tanzania. Aspects of a Changing Relationship, 1961–1994 (Leiden 1999).

 

Uganda

Behrend, Heike,Alice unddie geister. Krieg im Norden Ugandas, Muenchen 1993

 

West Africa:

Agbeti, J. .Kofi.  West African Church History, 2 vols. (Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986-91).

Clarke, Peter B. West Africa and Christianity (London: E. Arnold, 1986).

Kalu, Ogbu (ed.), African Church Historiography: An Ecumenical Perspective, Bern 1988

Peel, J.D.Y., Religious Encounter and the Making of the Yoruba, Bloomington & Indianapolis, 2000

Sanneh, Lamin, West African Christianity. The Religious Impact, London 1983

Sanneh, Lamin.  Piety and Power: Muslims and Christians in West Africa (Orbis, 1996).

 

Nigeria:

Adogame. Afe: Celestial Church of Christ (Frankfurt/Bern 1999)

Ajayi, J.F.A., Christian missions in Nigeria, London 1965

Ozigboh, Ikenga, Roman Catholicism in South Eastern Nigeria, Onitsha 1988

Tasie, Godwin O.M: Christian Missionary Enterprise in the Niger Delta (Leiden 1978)

 

Sierra Leone

Jehu Hanciles, Euthanasia of a Mission. African Church Autonomy in a Colonial Context, London 2002

 

Ghana

Haenger, Peter, Sklaverei und  Skalvenemanzipation an der Goldkueste, Basel 1997

Miller, Jon, Missionary Zeal and Institutional Control. Organizational Contradictions in the Basel Mission on the Gold Coast, 1827-1917London 2003

 

East Africa

Hansen, H.B., Religion and Politics in East Africa, London 1995

Werner, Roland/Anderson, William, Wheeler, Andrew, Day of Devastation, Day of Contentment. The History of the Sudanese Church across 2000 Years, Nairobi 2000

 

USA

Askew, Thomas A/Perard, Richard V., American Church experience, Grand Rapids, 2004

Gaustad, Edwin S., Noll, Mark A., A Documentary History of Religion in America to 1877, 3 ed., Grand Rapids 2003

Gaustad, Edwin S., Noll, Mark A., A Documentary History of Religion in America since1877, 3 ed., Grand Rapids 2003

Hudson, Winthrop S., Religion in America, New York, 3rd edition 1918

Marty, Martin E., Religion and Republic. The American Circumstance, Boston 1987

Marty, Martin, A Nation of Behavers, Chicago 1976

Marty, Martin, Righteous Empire: The Protestant experience in America, <New York 1970

Toulouse, Mark G., Duke, James O., Sources of Christian theology on America, Nashville 1999

 

USA/New Immigration:

Maldano,David (ed.), Protestantes/Protestanst. Hispanic Christianity within Mainline Traditions, Abingdon 1999

Matsuoka, Fumitaka, Out of Silence:Emerging Themes in Asian American Churches, Ohio 1995

Phan, Peter C., Christianity with an Asian Face. Asian American Theology in the Making, New York 2003

Williams, Raymond Brady, Christian pluralism in the United States. The Indian immigrant experience, Cambridge 1996

Yang, Fenggang, Chinese Christians in America, Pennsylvania 1999

 

Latin America

Cook, Guillermo, ed.  New Face of the Church in Latin America (Orbis, 1994)

Cleary, Edward L. and Hannah W. Stewart-Gambino, eds. Power, Politics, and Pentecostals in Latin America (Westview, 1997).

Dussel, Enrique, ed.  The Church in Latin America 1492-1992 (Orbis, 1992).

Escobar, Samuel.  Changing Tides: Latin America and World Mission Today (Orbis, 2001).

Garrard-Burett and David Stoll, eds.  Rethinking Protestantism in Latin America (Temple University Press, 1993).

Segundo, Louis, Theology and the Church, Minneapolis 1970

Smith, Christian and Joshua Prokopy, eds.  Latin American Religion in Motion (Routledge, 1999).

Stoll, David.  Is Latin America Turning Protestant? (University of California Press, 1990).

Westmeier, Karl-Wilhelm.  Protestant Pentecostalism in Latin America (Associated University Press, 1999).

 

Asia:

Anderson, Gerald, Asian Voices in Christian Theology, New York 1976

England, J.C., The Hidden History of Christianity in Asia, Delhi & Hong Kong 1998

Gillman, Ian and Hans-Joachim Klimkeit, Christians in Asia Before 1500 (University of Michigan Press, 1999).

Ma, Wonsuk & Ma, Julie C., Asian Church and God’s Mission, Manila 2003 (BV 3151.3.I 57 2002)

Moffett, Samuel.  A History of Christianity in Asia, Vol. 1, 2nd rev. ed. (Orbis, 1998)

Moffett, Samuel.  A History of Christianity in Asia, Vol. 2, Orbis,2003.

Phan, Peter C., In our own tongues: perspectives from Asia on mission and inculturation, Maryknoll, 2003 (BV 3151.3.P48)

Sunquist, Scott (ed.), A Dictionary of Asian Christianity, Grand Rapids 2001

 

India:

Baago, Kaj, Pioneers of Indigenous Christianity, Madras/Bangalore 1969 (BT 30 I6B15)

Boyd, R.H.S., An Introduction to Indian Christian Theology, Madras 1975

Downs,Frederick S., History of Christianity in India (Vol V/Part 5: North Indian in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries, Bangalore 1992

Grafe, Hugald, History of Christianity in India (Vol. IV, Part 2: Tamilnadu in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries), Bangalore 1990

Mookenthottam, Antony, Indian theological tendencies, Frankfurt 1978 (BT 30 I6 M66)

Mundadan, A.M., History of Christianity in India (Vol.1: From the Beginning up to the middle of the sixteenth century),  Bangalore 1989

Neill, Stephen.  A History of Christianity in India: The Beginnings to AD 1707 (Cambridge University Press, 1984).

Sugirtharajah, R. S.  Frontiers in Asian Christian Theology: Emerging Trends (Orbis Books, 1994).

Sugirtharajah, R. S./Hargreaves, Cecil (eds.), Readings in Indian Christian theology, Vol 1, London 1993 (BT 30 I6 R 43 v.1)

Thekkedath, Joseph, History of Christianity in India (Vol. II From the Middle of the sixteenth to the end of the seventeenth century), Bangalore 1988.

Thomas, P.T. Vengal Chakkarai, 2 vols., Bangalore  1992

 

Arabia:

Pacini, Andrea, ed., Christian Communities in the Arab World (Oxford University Press, 1998).

 

China:

Cheung, David, Christianity in Modern China. The Making of the First Native Protestant Church, , Leiden: Brill 2004

De Jong, Gerlad F., The Reformed Church in China 1842-1951, Grand Rapids 1992

Leung, Beatrice & Chan, Shun-hing, Changing Church-Satet relations in Hong Kong, 1950-2000

Standaert, N.  Handbook of Christianity in China: 635-1800 (Handbook of Oriental Studies) (Brill Academic Publishers, 2001).

Stanley, Brian, The Bible and the Flag: Protestant Missions and British Imperialism in the 19th and 20th Centuries (Leicester: 1990).

Uhalley, Stephen and Xiaoxin, Wu, China and Christianity, New York 2001

 

Japan

Drummond, Richard H., A History of Christianity in Japan, Grand rapids 191  (BR 1305 D 84)

Furuya, Yasuo (ed.), A History of Japanese Theology, Grand Rapids 1997 ((BT 30 J3 H 57)

 

Thailand

Blanford, Carl E., Chinese Churches in Thailand

 

Melanesia

May, John D’Arcy, Living Theology on Melanesia: A Reader, Goroka 1985

 

Bolivia

Arias, Mortimer, “Evangelization from the Inside: Reflections from a Prison Cell, International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 1981

 

Europe

Lodwick, Robert C., Remembering the Future: The Challenges to the Churches of Europe, 1995

Miroslav Volf, “Fishing in the Neighbor’s Pond: Mission and Proselytism in Eastern Europe”, International Bulletin of Missionary Research, 1996

Spindler, Marc R.,  Europe’s Neo-Paganism: A perverse Inculturation, International Bulletin of Missionary research, 1987

Wessels, Antonie. Europe - Was it Ever Really Christian? (London:  1994)

 

Web Sites:

http://www.asmweb.org/links.htm: Important links for research in Mission and World Christianity

http://www.worldchristiandatabase.org/wcd: The World Christian Database (WCD) represents the core data from the World Christian Encyclopedia (WCE) and World Christian Trends (WCT). The WCD includes detailed information on 34,000 Christian denominations and on religions in every country of the world. Extensive data are available on 238 countries and 13,000 ethnolinguistic peoples, as well as data on 7,000 cities and 3,000 provinces. Statistics in the WCD represent a significant update of the data published in WCE/WCT in 2001. WCD is an initiative of the Center for the Study of Global Christianity at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary.

http://religion-cults.com/art.htm and  http://www.biblia.com/jesusm/: Religious and biblical Art Galleries

http://research.yale.edu:8084/divdl/adhoc/subjects.jsp?subjectid=791: Historical Maps, documents

http://www.bmpix.org/ Important collection of photos by the Basel Mission.

http://www.usc.edu/isd/archives/arc/digarchives/mission/ - more photos

http://www.library.yale.edu/div/yaleedin.htm Yale-Edinburgh group on history of mission.

http://www.library.yale.edu/div/MissionsResources.htm Important links

http://www.missionaryetexts.org/  Historical texts

http://ricci.rt.usfca.edu/archive/index.aspx This section contains institutions of archival resources on Christianity in China (including Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao).

http://www.earlychristianwritings.com: contains sources on mission in the early church.

http://www1.ttcn.ne.jp/~africanhistory/links.htm: links to sites on African religions, African history, African societies (this link not found – VSmith)

http://www.missionstudies.org/4groups/PADOH/archives.htm. Guides to Mission archives.

http://research.yale.edu:8084/missionperiodicals/index.jsp Missionary Periodicals Database

Statistics:

http://www.missionfrontiers.org/newslinks/statewe.htm

http://www.uscwm.org/mobilization_division/pastors_web_folder/global_mission_statistics.html